4种木材常温下醛和萜烯挥发物的释放

利用高效液相色谱仪和气相色谱仪分析4种木材(杉木、杨木、马尾松和尾叶桉)中有机挥发物的成分及含量,结果表明:4种木材生材常温均可释放多种醛和萜烯挥发物,其中乙醛的释放量最高;杉木和杨木释放的醛类明显高于马尾松和尾叶桉;杉木释放的萜烯类明显高于其他3种木材;温度由20 ℃上升到40 ℃,杉木醛类和萜烯类释放量显著增加.     

脱羧腰果壳液在涂料中的应用

采用天然植物油（脱羧腰果壳液）、己二异异氰酸酯和聚乙二醇在较温和的条件下反应，制得了水溶性的氨基甲酸酯加成物，以此和低醚化度甲醚三聚氰氨甲醚甲醛树脂制备了水性涂料。研究了配方和性能的关系，确定了最佳配方，产品性能为：D工0．56，冲击强度50kg.cm;附着力2级；柔性性0．5mm；耐100℃沸水合格。该工艺为腰果壳液的综合利用开辟了一条新的途径。     

Transverse swelling behavior of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) revealed by the replica method

Transverse swelling and its anisotropy in hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) in several kinds of organic liquids and in water were investigated by means the replica method. There was more cross-sectional swelling of cell walls and cell wall thickness in earlywood than in latewood. Marked swelling toward cell lumens was observed in wood swollen in liquids that had higher swelling potentials than water. This suggests that the swelling of cell walls in these liquids is much greater than the external swelling. Feret's diameters of the cell lumens were reduced by swelling in all the observed cases except in the tangential direction of earlywood, suggesting that cell walls swell to a much less extent in width than in thickness. Deformation of cell shapes caused by the tensile force from the latewood were observed in the earlywood and in the transitional region from earlywood to latewood. When swollen in water, transverse swelling anisotropy caused only by the swelling in cell wall thickness were calculated to be 1.2 for the whole region over an annual ring and 1.4 for the earlywood. These values could not account for the external swelling anisotropy of 2.1. Considering obvious deformations of cell shapes in the earlywood and in the transitional region, we conclude that the interaction between earlywood and latewood is one of the prime factors contributing to the transverse swelling anisotropy of coniferous wood.Part of this report was presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Nagoya, April 1998     

加杨插条苗对氮磷反应的研究

加杨插条苗对培养液中氮磷营养水平反应敏感,在不同营养条件下,苗木对氮磷钾营养元素吸收、体内氮磷比值(N/P)、水分代谢和蛋白质合成作用等,有不同反应,因而幼苗生长状况表现出较大差异。试验研究结果表明,培养液中氮200ppm、磷60ppm时,加杨插条苗生理指标反应较好,幼苗长势旺盛。     

Cryopreservation of yellow-poplar and sweetgum embryogenic cultures

Cryopreservation has become anessential tool for operational application offorest tree embryogenic cultures, due to thelong evaluation periods needed for treesregenerated from these cultures. Fiveyellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera)and seven sweetgum (Liquidambar spp.)embryogenic culture lines werestored in liquid nitrogen for 48 hours, afterwhich they were thawed and tested for regrowthand ability to produce somatic seedlings.Combinations of two sorbitol pretreatments andthree dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) cryoprotectantlevels were evaluated for their impact onrecovery following cryogenic storage. The bestresults were obtained with 0.4 M sorbitol and5% DMSO, which provided 100% recovery.Somatic seedlings were regenerated from allculture lines and treatments, except for atransgenic sweetgum line.     

流体食品微波杀菌工艺试验研究

与传统的红外线杀菌、巴氏杀菌相比,微波杀菌具有能量损耗小、加热迅速且直接的特点,用于食品杀菌可以达到保持营养与风味、卫生、安全及无污染的效果.以往对食品微波杀菌的研究多集中于固体或半固体食品,而对鲜奶等液态食品的连续流动杀菌的研究较少.为此,通过设计的流体食品微波杀菌试验装置,以水为试验介质,以微波功率为试验参数,以杀菌过程中的温升和流量为试验指标,得到微波杀菌参数之间的相互影响规律以及在给定流量下微波功率的大致变化范围,为液态食品连续流动杀菌设备的进一步开发研究提供了一定的理论依据.     

0.6m3水力碎浆机传动系统的设计

在水力碎浆机的设计过程中,传动系统的设计非常关键,因传动系统的设计直接决定了整台机器的性能、效率。传动系统将转距由电动机通过带轮传动、主轴传送至转盘、刀片,转盘的回转形成浆流的循环和物料的摩擦,加之转盘及槽体上安装的刀片的碎解作用,从而把物料碎解成浆。0.6m3水力碎浆机是专为造纸实验室而设计,该产品传动系统采用转子传动装置 皮带传动 立式电动机的结构形式,主要包括主轴、大皮带轮、轴承、轴承座、受浆盘和转盘等部件。与传统水力碎浆机设计不同的是,0.6m3水力碎浆机槽体内不设计传动结构,动力消耗少,运行平稳。     

膨胀颗粒污泥床（EGSB）反应器处理高浓度自配水的试验研究

本文对EGSB反应器处理高浓度自配有机废水进行了较系统地研究，研究表明中温条件下(31～35℃)，进水COD浓度为8200～9000mg     

液体立式自动包装机主要结构设计

目前,我国包装机械不断发展壮大,其市场前景非常可观,包装机械的技术要求也在不断的提高。现在市场上大多包装机械结构复杂、造价高,多适用于大型的包装企业,一般中小型企业难以承受。为此,对液体立式自动包装机进行了结构设计并确定了主要技术参数。该机具有体积小、结构简单、造价低、出现故障易排查等特点。     

滴灌灌水器流道设计理论研究若干问题的综述

灌水器是滴灌系统最关键的部件之一,其结构与水力性能的优劣对滴灌系统的灌水均匀性、抗堵塞能力以及寿命影响很大。在简要论述国内外滴灌灌水器流道发展现状的基础上,从灌水器流量压力关系、流道内流体流动机理、流道堵塞与防治三个方面详细阐述了灌水器流道设计理论的研究进展,最后提出了滴灌灌水器流道的发展趋势以及国内在灌水器流道设计理论研究中急需解决的问题。